Paper Title
EFFECT OF WELDING PARAMETERS FOR DIFFERENT MATERIAL BY SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) USING TAGUCHI METHOD

Abstract
Introduction - In the process industry welding is very widely used by metal workers in fabrication, maintenance and repairs of parts and structures. A welding process is a very common manufacturing stage to utilize the mild steel, cast iron, stainless steel into a functional and useful product with an additional coating. In this process arc i.e. electric discharge between electrode and parent metal is established. Due to high electrical resistance of welding arc high temperature is produced which is enough to melt the metal. Arc welding is one of the oldest arc welding processes. It is a fabrication process in which two or more parts are fused together by means of heat, pressure, or both, forming a join as the parts cool [1]. It is considered the most ideal method among generally used assembly methods in present mechanical applications [2]. Extreme heat is applied to the parts to be welded, keeping the two bits of metals together, to frame a liquid puddle at the spot of weld which, during cooling, join by metallurgical particle to form a molecular bond [3]. There are several arc welding processes in which the shielded metal arc welding is a promising joining process and is used by several small-scale industries for making products [4]. Possibly the most well-known technique for welding metal is arc welding, which is a heat-type welding [5]. It is the main assembling operation for the joining of components for a wide scope of utilisations, including guideways for trains, ships, bridges, cars, and atomic reactors, to name a few. It requires a persistent supply of alternating or direct current flow, which makes an electric arc to produce sufficient heat to soften the metal and structure a weld [6]. Any arc welding needs heat to dissolve the metal work piece and the welding cathode, which can be produced by applying an appropriate welding current and voltage in the welding system. The welding current has enormous impact on the construction and properties of the weld. Because of welding, a portion of the properties of the weld lessen, however, the properties can be improved by adding some additional material in the covering of the anodes [7]. Mild steel, cast iron, stainless steel are one of the common metals joined together using arc welding. It is utilised in a few engineering applications to manufacture auto parts, structural shapes and sheets that are utilised in pipelines, structures, plants, scaffolds, and metal jars. It is significantly utilised as a construction material.