Paper Title
AI-DRIVEN SUSTAINABILITY SOLUTIONS FOR ONLINE LEARNING: A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Abstract
The quick proliferation of online learning has brought unprecedented access and substantial sustainability challenges such as energy consumption, digital waste, and equitable access. This paper introduces a new conceptual framework, the Sustainable AI in Online Learning (SAIOL) Framework, which explains how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be used effectively to promote environmental, social, and economic sustainability in online educational systems. The SAIOL Framework synthesizes five dimensions: AI-enhanced Pedagogical Design, Resource Optimization and Efficiency, Ethical AI and Equity, Learner and Educator Empowerment, and Data-Driven Decision Making for Sustainability. This framework supports researchers, developers, and policy-makers to design, implement, and assess AI-based solutions that can improve (learning) outcomes but also contribute to the sustainability of the global education system and asks these stakeholders to consider how these dimensions are interconnected with one another and how they could be orchestrated. This conceptual contribution informs future research and practical application in this cross-disciplinary area of significance.