Paper Title
Prevalence of anemia in Elderly Diabetic Patients with diabetic nephropathy at King Abdulaziz University Hospital

Abstract
Objective: The study aims to determine the prevalence of anemia and assess the relationship between glycemic status and anemia risk in diabatic patients with diabetic nephropathy. Methods: This is a retrospective study. A total of 395 diabatic patients over 50 who were diagnosed with diabatic nephropathy between 2019-2021in king Abdulaziz university hospital was enrolled in the study. Prevalence of anemia was calculated, and anemia risk was calculated using multivariate logistic regression models by R program. Results: The highest rate of anemia was observed in nephropathic patients with T2D (71.7%), over 65 (59.8%), Saudis (76.6%), overweight/obese (78.3%), hypertension (54.9%), and those who had one or more blood transfusions (84.8%). The adjusted general linear model shows that T1D was significantly associated by four odds with anemia (95% CI = 1.51—10.9, p = 0.005), while T2D by six times (95% CI = 2.45—14.9, p <0.001) after controlling for gender, age, BMI, and blood transfusion status. Nephropathic patients under 65 with overweight or obese status have a 1.54- and 1.82-times higher risk of anemia, while those who have had multiple blood transfusions have an eight times higher risk. Conclusion: Screening nephropathic patients for anemia during diabetes diagnosis, medication compliance, and other diabetic issues reduces the prevalence of anemia and modifiable risk factors like body mass index and blood transfusion. Keywords - Overweight, Obese, Diabetes, Hypertension, Blood